What are the common knives in numerical control machining technology?
Tool is used for cutting tools in mechanical manufacturing, also known as cutting tools. Most cutting tools are use for machine tools, but some for hand tools. Since the cutting tools used in mechanical manufacturing are basically used to cut metal materials, the term "cutting tool" is generally understood to mean metal cutting tools.
The choice of cutting tool is one of the important contents in nc machining technology, which not only affects the machining efficiency of machine tool, but also directly affects the machining quality of parts. Numerical control tool is one of the prerequisites to improve the processing efficiency, its selection depends on the geometry of the processed parts, material state, fixture and machine tool selection tool rigidity.
Different tools in numerical control processing technology use is also different, so numerical control processing technology commonly used knife has what?
1. The tool
Turning tool is widely used in metal cutting. It can be used on lathe to process outer circle, end plane, thread, inner hole, also can be used for grooving and cutting, etc. The structure of turning tool can be divided into integral turning tool, welding assembly turning tool and mechanical clamping blade turning tool. The turning tool of mechanical clamping blade can be divided into machine tool turning tool and indexable turning tool. Mechanical clamping tool of stable cutting performance, workers do not need to sharpen the tool, so in modern production more and more applications.
2. Hole processing tool
Hole processing tools can be generally divided into two categories: one is from the solid material processing out of the hole tool, the commonly used twist drill, center drill and deep hole drill; The other is the workpiece on the existing hole reprocessing tool, commonly used reaming drill, reamer and boring tool. Hole machining tool working part (tool body) of the front part for the cutting part, undertake the main cutting work, the back end for the guide part, play the role of guiding drill, is also the cutting part of the backup part.
3. Milling cutter
Milling cutter is a widely used multi - edge rotary cutter, which has many kinds. According to the use of points: 1) processing plane, such as cylindrical plane milling cutter, end milling cutter, etc.; 2) processing grooves, such as end milling cutter, T cutter and Angle milling cutter, etc.; 3) processing of forming surface, such as convex semicircle and concave semicircle milling cutter and processing of other complex forming surface milling cutter. The productivity of milling is generally higher, and the roughness value of machined surface is larger.
4. Broach
Broach is a kind of multi-tooth cutting tool with high machining accuracy and cutting efficiency. It is widely used in mass production and can process various internal and external surfaces. Broach can be divided into two kinds of internal broach and external broach according to the different surface of the workpiece.
When using broach processing, in addition to selecting the front Angle and rear Angle of the tool tooth according to the workpiece material, and determining the broach size according to the size of the workpiece surface (such as the diameter of the round hole), two parameters need to be determined :
(1) tooth rise Angle af (the difference between the radius or height of the two tool teeth (or tooth group));
(2) Pitch P (the axial distance between two adjacent cutter teeth).
5. Gear cutting tools
Gear cutter is used for machining gear tooth shape cutter. According to the working principle of cutting tool, gear is divided into forming gear cutting tool and developing gear cutting tool. The commonly used forming gear cutter has disc gear milling cutter and finger gear cutter. The common developing gear cutter has gear shaper cutter, gear hob and shaving cutter, etc. When selecting gear hob and gear shaper, attention should be paid to the following points :(1) the basic parameters of the tool (modulus, tooth shape Angle, tooth top height coefficient, etc.) should be the same as the processed gear. (2) The precision grade of the tool should be equivalent to the precision grade required by the machined gear. (3) The rotation of the tool should be the same as the rotation of the processed gear as far as possible. When hobbing spur gear, usually use left tooth cutter.
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