Why preheat the CNC machine tools?
Factory friends will often encounter such a situation: After a long vacation, the first parts of the machine tools are often very unstable in accuracy, and the probability of failure is very high in high-precision processing, especially in position accuracy.
Factories without precision processing experience often blame the quality of equipment. For factories with precision machining experience, the thermal balance between the ambient temperature and the machine tool will be taken into account. They are very clear, even high precision machine tools, only in a stable temperature environment and thermal balance, to obtain stable processing accuracy.
Generally, we do the first piece of trial cutting (or processing), one is to verify the correctness of the parts processing procedures and verify that the size of the processing is in line with the requirements of the drawings. At the same time, but also to verify the programming of the choice of cutting tool, cutting dosage and set tool compensation value is appropriate. However, we can not ignore the influence of thermal characteristics of CNC machine tools on machining accuracy.
The influence of thermal characteristics of CNC machine tools on machining accuracy is almost more than half of the machining accuracy. The spindle of the machine tool, the guide rail used by the XYZ moving shaft, the lead screw and other components will be in motion because of load and friction and temperature deformation, but in the thermal deformation error chain, the final impact on the machining accuracy is the displacement of the spindle and XYZ moving shaft components relative to the workbench. Equipment in a long time stop running state and thermal balance state, the difference in processing accuracy is very large, mainly because the CNC machine tool spindle and the motion axis in the operation of a period of time, the temperature will maintain at a fixed level, and with the change of processing time, CNC machine tool thermal accuracy tends to be stable, This indicates that it is necessary to preheat the spindle and moving parts before machining.
If the machine tool has been used for more than a few days, we recommend that more than 30 minutes of preheating should be carried out before high precision machining. If the idle state is only a few hours, then we recommend 5-10 minutes of preheating before high precision machining.
In fact, the process of preheating is to let the machine tool participate in the repeated movement of the processing axis, so as to carry out multi-axis linkage, for example, let the XYZ axis move from the lower left corner of the coordinate system to the upper right corner of the position, repeatedly go diagonal. Execution, we can write a macro program on the machine tool, let the machine repeatedly perform the preheating action.
After sufficient preheating, the machine can be put into high precision machining production.
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