Frequent failures of CNC machine tools
Frequent failures of CNC machine tools
- By Taiye Machine
As an important part of industrial machinery, CNC machine tools will inevitably have some failures during operation. Knowing how the failures occur can save your machine maintenance time. The following are some of the problems that often occur in machine tools:
1. Fan failure: The fan in the machine tool can dissipate heat and cool down the core equipment, effectively avoiding damage to the equipment due to overheating. At the end of the long vacation, the machine fan often "strikes", which is caused by oil pollution. When the machine is stopped, the fan inside the machine will also stop. At this time, the oil in the machine tool will flow into the fan's bearing, causing the fan's circuit to short-circuit and fail, and the fan will alarm or fail to start when it is turned on again. The longer the downtime, the greater the risk.
2. Seal failure: Seals are indispensably used in the hydraulic and pneumatic devices of the machine tool. The purpose is to ensure the airtightness of the device and maintain its normal pressure supply. Seals are generally rubber products and are prone to aging, especially during long holidays, when the machine does not operate for a long time and the hydraulic pressure does not flow. This is more likely to cause hardening of the seals, resulting in oil leakage from the machine tool and insufficient pressure provided by the hydraulic device.
3. Oil circuit blockage: The reason for the blockage of the oil circuit is that the machine tool has been shut down for a long time and the dirt in the oil circuit is continuously deposited. Blockage of the oil circuit will cause the machine's lubrication system to malfunction, and the lubrication system failure will give rise to many other serious problems. According to statistics, more than 40% of the common failures of machine tools are related to lubrication failures.
4. The machine tool travel switch malfunctions: the machine tool travel switch is an important device that limits the mechanical travel range of the machine tool coordinate axis. When the moving part of the machine presses the transmission part of the travel switch, its internal contact action, switch on, change or break control The circuit meets the control requirements of the circuit. The travel switch is generally equipped with a spring. If it is not turned on for a long time, the spring will not be restored to its original state due to long-term stress deformation, the spring will lose its function, and the entire travel switch will be stuck and fail.
5. Circuit board failure of driver, power supply, main board, etc.: In the CNC machine tool, the function of the circuit board is needless to say. The circuit board has a large number of capacitors. If it is not energized for a long time, these capacitors will age, reduce the capacity, and cause damage to the machine tool circuit. In addition, the main reason for the circuit board failure is that the circuit board will remain in the bottom temperature state for a long time without being used for a long time, which will produce condensed water and cause a short circuit when the machine is turned on.
6. Machine tool battery failure: Generally, the CNC system is equipped with a battery. It should be noted that the battery mentioned here is not the power source of the entire equipment, but a device that supplies power to some parts. For example, the system battery is used to save the system parameters; the absolute position encoder battery is used to remember the zero position. Even when it is not turned on, the power in these batteries will slowly drain. If the battery is not turned on for a long time, the battery will be drained and the machine data will be lost.
