What is "turning, milling, planing and grinding"?
Whether it is the first time you take a mechanical class or enter a mechanical factory for the first time, teachers and masters will tell you the basic machining methods such as turning, milling, planing and grinding. What are these?
Turning
Turning is to use the rotary motion of the workpiece and the linear or curvilinear motion of the tool to change the shape and size of the blank on the lathe, and process it to meet the requirements of the drawing.
Common turning tools are often made of high-speed steel or cemented carbide. In recent years, ceramic tools and synthetic diamond tools are also widely used on the market. Different shapes of turning tools can meet various processing requirements:
In addition to the outer surface, the use of boring tools in turning allows finishing the inner surface where the workpiece already has holes.
milling
Milling is to fix the blank, and use a high-speed rotating milling cutter to run on the blank to cut out the required shapes and features.
The milling cutter is a multi-blade tool. In each rotation of the milling process, each cutting edge of the milling cutter only participates in one cut, and the rest of the time is stopped for heat dissipation. In this way, the cutting efficiency of the milling cutter is also higher than that of the single-edged turning tool. Milling cutters of different shapes can complete the machining of various planes, stepped surfaces, grooves and cavities. The amount of milling during milling consists of four elements: cutting speed, feed, back engagement (milling depth) and side engagement (milling width).
planing
The working principle of planing processing is clear at a glance. Compared with turning and milling, the simple reciprocating motion has extremely low production efficiency. However, because of the simple structure of equipment and tools, it is still used to roughen the surface of the workpiece.
Grinding
Grinding refers to the processing method of removing excess material on the workpiece with abrasives and abrasive tools. Grinding is widely used in the machinery manufacturing industry. Carbon tool steel and carburizing and quenching steel parts that have been heat treated and quenched often have a large number of relatively regularly arranged cracks on the surface that is basically perpendicular to the grinding direction during grinding: grinding It not only affects the appearance of the parts, but also directly affects the quality of the parts.
There are many classifications of grinding, which can be classified according to the grinding processing form of the grinding machine products and the processing objects, which will not be repeated here.
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